SDS Section 9 (Tab "9 Phys-chem props")
Quick start
In this section you identify the physical and chemical properties of the product.
Þ Fields and other items that are “required” — recommended to generate a substantially complete SDS — have burgundy titles or applicability notes on the entry form.[1]
Þ Enter either the requested information or “No data available.” for each required field (use the [N]o data button).
1. Enter as many of the physical and chemical properties as you have for the listed fields. Most fields are text-based rather than numerical, so you can enter units of measure. For complex products, you may need to perform testing to obtain some of the values. For simpler products like substances, you may be able to use the Research menu (bottom of the entry form) to obtain values from technical web sites.
2. Next, click on the “2 Hazards” tab.
Managing help
· If this help window opened automatically when you started the program, then you have automatic help turned on. To change automatic help, click on the “Auto-help is” on/off pushbutton, on this window.
· When automatic help is off, you can display or refresh this help window manually, by using the [Ctrl]-9 shortcut (“Background for this section”).[2]
· To get an overview:
o Take the Brief tour on how the SDS entry form works:
§ Entering SDS content
§ Navigating the form
§ Shortcuts and convenience features
§ Translation features
§ Generating the SDS and GHS labels
§ To start the tour, click on the Help button and select “Brief tour”.
o Watch the video on this tab (click on the Video button, if the label is in blue text).
o Navigate to Tab "1 Identification" and view or refresh the background help. Read the section, “Features common to most SDS form sections/tabs”.
· For brief tips, hover with your mouse over the object of interest.
· To get assistance on a particular field: Click into the field, then click on the Help button, and select “Guide this item” (shortcut: [Ctrl]-5).
· To get stepwise assistance for all areas on this tab: Click on the Help button and select “Guide this section” (shortcut: [Ctrl]-6).
· To learn additional details and requirements, including guidance from regulatory agencies (US-OSHA, UN, EU, and Health Canada), read the details section, starting immediately below.
SDS Section 9 (Tab "9 Phys-chem props") – details
Contents
I. Features specific to SDS Section 9
A4.3.9 SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties and safety characteristics
Table A4.3.9.1: Basic physical and chemical properties
Table A4.3.9.2: Data relevant with regard to physical hazard classes (supplemental)
Table A4.3.9.3: Further safety characteristics (supplemental)
SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties
9.1. Information on basic physical and chemical properties
9.2.1 Information with regard to physical hazard classes
9.2.2 Other safety characteristics
I. Features specific to SDS Section 9
Most fields in this section are “required” (recommended for a substantially-complete SDS), although the particular fields that you will need to complete vary with the jurisdiction. Some items that were necessary under US-OSHA and UN revs. 3, 4, and 5 standards are no longer needed in the newer GHS versions.
Most fields allow alphanumeric rather than strictly numeric entry, so that you can include text such as the units of measure and/or test method for a chemical or physical parameter.
For detailed discussion of the individual fields, refer to the Table A.4.3.9.1 in the UN Guidance section, and to the program’s guide window when you’ve clicked into the field (shortcut: [Ctrl]-5).
II. OSHA guidance
From: “OSHA Brief: Hazard Communication Standard: Safety Data Sheets”, https://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA3514.html.
This section identifies physical and chemical properties associated with the substance or mixture. The minimum required information consists of:
· Appearance (physical state, color, etc.);
· Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits;
· Odor;
· Vapor pressure;
· Odor threshold;
· Vapor density;
· pH;
· Relative density;
· Melting point/freezing point;
· Solubility(ies);
· Initial boiling point and boiling range;
· Flash point;
· Evaporation rate;
· Flammability (solid, gas);
· Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water;
· Auto-ignition temperature;
· Decomposition temperature; and
· Viscosity.
The SDS may not contain every item on the above list because information may not be relevant or is not available. When this occurs, a notation to that effect must be made for that chemical property. Manufacturers may also add other relevant properties, such as the dust deflagration index (Kst) for combustible dust, used to evaluate a dust's explosive potential.
III. UN guidance
From "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)", 7th Ed., by Secretariat, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). ©2017, United Nations. Reprinted with the permission of the United Nations.
NOTE: Because of the detailed nature of the content, we recommend that you download the full document, and use the tables as presented in the document.
A4.3.9 SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties and safety characteristics
A4.3.9.1 This section of Annex 4 provides guidance for SDS preparers and is provided for information purposes. This guidance does not prescribe how this information should be presented on the SDS. The guidance is divided into three tables as described below.
A4.3.9.2 Table A4.3.9.1 provides guidance on the physical and chemical properties specified by Chapter 1.5, Table 1.5.2. The SDS preparer should clearly describe/identify the physical and chemical properties specified in Table 1.5.2. In cases where the specific physical and chemical properties required by Table 1.5.2 do not apply or are not available under a particular subheading, this should be clearly indicated.
A4.3.9.3 Table A4.3.9.2 lists properties/safety characteristics and test results that are not required on the SDS but may be useful to communicate when a substance or mixture is classified in the respective physical hazard class. Data which is deemed relevant with regard to a specific physical hazard but not resulting in classification (e.g. negative test results close to the criterion) may also be useful to communicate.
A4.3.9.4 Table A4.3.9.3 lists further properties/safety characteristics and test results that are not required on the SDS but may be useful to communicate for a substance or mixture. Other physical properties/safety characteristics of the substance or mixture not identified in this table may also be useful to communicate.
NOTE: The properties in tables A4.3.9.1, A4.3.9.2 and A4.3.9.3 may be presented with or without any division (that is, as a list). Also the order of the properties may be adjusted if deemed appropriate.
A4.3.9.5 Generally, the information given in this section of the SDS should relate to standard conditions for temperature and pressure (temperature of 20 °C and absolute pressure of 101.3 kPa). If other conditions apply, these should be indicated together with the respective property.
A4.3.9.6 Data on the SDS should be provided in appropriate units. Where the data relate to a hazard class, the units of measure should be as specified in the criteria for that hazard class.
A4.3.9.7 If relevant for the interpretation of the information or numeric value given, indicate the determination method (e.g., open-cup/closed-cup for flash point) or state whether the value was calculated.
A4.3.9.8 In the case of a mixture, where valid data is available for the mixture as a whole, it should be provided. When data for the mixture as a whole cannot be provided, data for the most relevant ingredient(s) may be provided, and this data should clearly indicate to which ingredient(s) the data apply.
A4.3.9.9 Other appropriate physical or chemical parameters or safety characteristics, in addition to those listed below, may also be included in this section of the SDS.
Table A4.3.9.1: Basic physical and chemical properties
This table lists basic physical and chemical properties and safety characteristics. Relevant information as required should be indicated for every property listed in this table, such as a short description, value(s), unit, conditions (e.g., temperature, pressure), method, each as appropriate.
If specific properties or safety characteristics do not apply (based on the respective information about applicability in the column “Remarks/Guidance”) they should still be listed in the SDS with the statement “not applicable”.
If information on specific properties or safety characteristics is not available, they should still be listed in the SDS with the statement “not available”. It is recommended that, where appropriate, a short explanation is included as to why the data is not available, e.g., “melts”, “decomposes”, “dissolves”.
Property
Remarks/Guidance
Physical state
− generally at standard conditions
− for definitions for gas, liquid and solid see Chapter 1.2
Colour
− indicate the colour of the substance or mixture as supplied
− in cases where one SDS is used to cover variants of a mixture which may have different colours the term 'various' can be used to describe the colour (see A4.3.1.1 for an SDS for variants of a mixture)
Odour
− give a qualitative description of the odour if it is well-known or described in the literature
− if available, indicate the odour threshold (qualitatively or quantitatively)
Melting point/ freezing point
− not applicable to gases
− at standard pressure
− indicate up to which temperature no melting point was observed in case the melting point is above the measuring range of the method
− indicate if decomposition or sublimation occurs prior to or during melting
− for waxes and pastes the softening point/range may be indicated instead
− for mixtures indicate if it is technically not possible to determine the melting point/freezing point
Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range
− generally at standard pressure (a boiling point at lower pressure might be indicated in case the boiling point is very high or decomposition occurs before boiling)
− indicate up to which temperature no boiling point was observed in case the boiling point is above the measuring range of the method
− indicate if decomposition occurs prior to or during boiling
− for mixtures indicate if it is technically not possible to determine the boiling point or range; in that case indicate also the boiling point of the lowest boiling ingredient
Flammability
− applicable to gases, liquids and solids
− indicate whether the substance or mixture is ignitable (capable of catching on fire or being set on fire,
even if not classified for flammability)
− if available and appropriate, further information may be indicated in addition, e.g.
• whether the effect of ignition is other than a normal combustion (e.g., an explosion)
• ignitability under non-standard conditions
− more specific information on the flammability may be indicated based on the respective hazard classification in accordance with Table A4.3.9.2
Lower and upper explosion limit/ flammability limit
− not applicable to gases, aerosols and solids
− for information on test methods etc., see Chapter 2.6, paragraph 2.6.4.2 for mixtures:
− indicate a value for the mixture itself if available, otherwise indicate the flash point(s) of those substances with the lowest flash point(s) as these are generally the main contributing ones
Auto-ignition temperature
− applicable to gases and liquids only
for mixtures:
− indicate a value for the mixture itself if available, otherwise indicate the auto-ignition temperature(s)
of those ingredients with the lowest auto-ignition temperature(s)
Decomposition temperature
− applicable to self-reactive substance and mixtures and organic peroxides and other substances and mixtures which may decompose
− indicate
• the SADT (self-accelerating decomposition temperature), together with the volume
to which it applies or
• the decomposition onset temperature (see also section 20.3.3.3 of the Manual of
Tests and Criteria)
− indicate whether the temperature given is the SADT or the decomposition onset temperature
− if no decomposition was observed, indicate up to which temperature no decomposition was observed,
e.g., as “no decomposition observed up to x °C/°F”
pH
− not applicable to gases
− applicable to aqueous liquids and solutions (the pH is linked to aqueous media by definition;
measurements carried out in other media do not give the pH)
− indicate the concentration of the test substance in water
− where the pH is ≤ 2 or ≥ 11.5, see Table A4.3.9.3 for information on acid/alkaline reserve
Kinematic viscosity
− applicable to liquids only
− use preferably mm2/s as unit (as the classification criteria for the hazard class aspiration hazard are based on this unit)
− the dynamic viscosity may be indicated in addition. The kinematic viscosity is linked to the dynamic viscosity by the density:
Kinematic viscosity (mm2/s) = Dynamic viscosity (mPa•s)/Density (g/cm3)
− for non-Newtonian liquids, indicate thixotropic or rheopexic behaviour
Solubility
− generally at standard temperature
− indicate the solubility in water
− the solubility in other (non-polar) solvents may also be included
− for mixtures, indicate if it is fully or only partially soluble in or miscible with water or other solvent
Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value)
− not applicable to inorganic and ionic liquids
− generally not applicable to mixtures
− may be calculated (using QSAR – Quantitative structure-activity relationship)
− indicate whether the value is based on testing or on calculation
Vapour pressure
− generally at standard temperature
− indicate the vapour pressure at 50 °C for volatile fluids in addition (in order to enable distinction between gases and liquids based on the definitions in Chapter 1.2)
− in cases where one SDS is used to cover variants of a liquid mixture or liquefied gas mixture indicate a range for the vapour pressure
− for liquid mixtures or liquefied gas mixtures, indicate a range for the vapour pressure or at least the vapour pressure of the most volatile ingredient(s) where the vapour pressure of the mixture is predominantly determined by this/these ingredient(s)
− for liquid mixtures or liquefied gas mixtures, the vapour pressure may be calculated using the activity coefficients of the ingredients
− the saturated vapour concentration (SVC) may be indicated in addition. The saturated vapour concentration can be estimated as follows:
SVC (in ml/m3) =VP (in hPa= mbar) • 987.2
SVC (in mg/l) = VP (in hPa = mbar) • MW • 0.0412
where
• VP is the vapour pressure
• MW is the molecular weight
Density and/or relative density
− applicable to liquids and solids only
− generally at standard conditions
− indicate as appropriate
• the absolute density and/or
• the relative density based on water at 4 °C as reference (sometimes also called the specific gravity)
− a range may be indicated in cases where variations in density are possible, e.g., due to batch manufacture, or where one SDS is used to cover several variants of a substance or mixture
NOTE: For clarity, the SDS should indicate if absolute density (indicate units) and/or relative density (no units) is being reported.
Relative vapour density
− applicable to gases and liquids only
− for gases, indicate the relative density of the gas based on air at 20 °C as reference (=MW/29)
− for liquids, indicate the relative vapour density based on air at 20 °C as reference (=MW/29)
− for liquids, the relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20 °C (air = 1) may be indicated in addition. It can be calculated as follows:
Dm = 1+(34 • VP20 • 10-6 • (MW-29))
where
•Dm is the relative density of the vapour/air mixture at 20 °C
•VP20 is the vapour pressure at 20 °C in mbar
•MW is the molecular weight
Particle characteristics
− applicable to solids only
− indicate the particle size (median and range)
− if available and appropriate, further properties may be indicated in addition, e.g.
• size distribution (range) • shape and aspect ratio
• specific surface area
Table A4.3.9.2: Data relevant with regard to physical hazard classes (supplemental)
This table lists properties/safety characteristics and test results that are not required on the SDS but may be useful to communicate when a substance or mixture is classified in the respective physical hazard class. Data which is deemed relevant with regard to a specific physical hazard but not resulting in classification (e.g., negative test results close to the criterion) may also be useful to communicate. Include any relevant information, such as a short description, value(s), unit, conditions (e.g., temperature, pressure), method, each as appropriate.
The name of the hazard class the data relates to may be indicated together with the data but it is not necessary to do so because the resulting classification is already indicated in Section 2 of the SDS. Thus, the data may be listed in the same way as the data according to Table A4.3.9.1.
Unless otherwise specified, the test methods referred to in this Table are described in the Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Manual of Tests and Criteria (referred to as the Manual of Tests and Criteria hereafter).
Chapter
Hazard class
Property/Safety characteristic/Test result and Remarks/Guidance
2.1
Explosives
− indicate the sensitivity to shock, generally determined by the UN gap test: test 1 (a) and/or test 2 (a) (section 11.4 or 12.4 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria) (indicate at least + or −)
− indicate the effect of heating under confinement, generally determined by the Koenen test: test 1 (b) and/or test 2 (b) (section 11.5 or 12.5 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria) (indicate preferably the limiting diameter)
− indicate the effect of ignition under confinement, generally determined by test 1 (c) and/or test 2 (c) (section 11.6 or 12.6 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria) (indicate at least + or −)
− indicate the sensitiveness to impact, generally determined by test 3 (a) (section 13.4 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria) (indicate preferably the limiting impact energy)
− indicate the sensitiveness to friction, generally determined by test 3 (b) (section 13.5 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria) (indicate preferably the limiting load)
− indicate the thermal stability, generally determined by test 3 (c) (section 13.6 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria) (indicate at least + or −)
− in addition, this entry is also applicable to substances and mixtures which are exempted based on Note 2 in Chapter 2.1, section 2.1.3 and to other substances and mixtures which show a positive effect if heated under confinement
− indicate the package (type, size, net mass of substance or mixture) based on which the division was assigned or based on which the substance or mixture was exempted
2.2
Flammable gases
for pure flammable gases:
− no data on the explosion/flammability limits is needed because these are indicated based on Table A4.3.9.1
− indicate the TCi (maximum content of flammable gas which, when mixed with nitrogen, is not flammable in air, in %) as per ISO 10156
− indicate the fundamental burning velocity if the gas is classified as Category 1B based on fundamental burning velocity, generally determined by ISO 817:2014, Annex C for flammable gas mixtures:
− indicate the explosion/flammability limits, if tested, or indicate whether the classification and category assignment is based on the calculation as per ISO 10156
− indicate the fundamental burning velocity if the gas mixture is classified as Category 1B based on fundamental burning velocity, generally determined by ISO 817:2014, Annex C
2.3
Aerosols
− indicate the total percentage (by mass) of flammable components unless the Aerosol is classified as Aerosol cat. 1 because it contains more than 1 % flammable components or has a heat of combustion of at least 20 kJ/g and is not submitted to the flammability classification procedures (see the Note in Chapter 2.3, paragraph 2.3.2.2)
2.4
Oxidizing gases
for pure oxidizing gases:
− indicate the Ci (coefficient of oxygen equivalency) as per ISO 10156
for oxidizing gas mixtures:
− indicate “Oxidizing gas Category 1 (tested as per ISO 10156)” for tested mixtures or indicate the calculated oxidizing power (OP) as per ISO 10156
2.5
Gases under pressure
for pure gases:
− indicate the critical temperature
for gas mixtures:
− indicate the pseudo-critical temperature; it is estimated as the mole weighted average of the critical temperatures of the components as follows:
i • TCrit i
where
• xi is molar fraction of component i
• TCrit i is the critical temperature of component i
2.6
Flammable liquids
− no additional data is needed because the boiling point and the flash point are indicated based on Table A4.3.9.1
− indicate information on sustained combustibility if exemption based on Test L.2 (section 32.5.2 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria), in accordance with Note 2 in Chapter 2.6, section 2.6.2, is considered
2.7
Flammable solids
− indicate the burning rate (or burning time for metal powders), generally determined by Test N.1 (section 33.2.1 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria)
− indicate whether the wetted zone has been passed or not
2.8
Self-reactive substances and mixtures
− for the SADT (self-accelerating decomposition temperature), see the entry for the decomposition energy in Table A4.3.9.1
− indicate the decomposition energy (value and method of determination)
− indicate detonation properties (Yes/Partial/No), also in packaging where relevant
− indicate deflagration properties (Yes rapidly/Yes slowly/No), also in packaging where relevant
− indicate the effect of heating under confinement (Violent/Medium/Low/No), also in packaging where relevant
− indicate the explosive power if applicable (Not low/Low/None)
2.9
Pyrophoric liquids
− indicate whether spontaneous ignition or charring of the filter paper occurs, generally determined by Test N.3 (section 33.3.1.5 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria) (indicate e.g. “the liquid ignites spontaneously in air” or “a filter paper with the liquid chars in air”)
2.10
Pyrophoric solids
− indicate whether spontaneous ignition occurs when poured or within five minutes thereafter, generally determined by Test N.2 (section 33.3.1.4 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria) (e.g., “the solid ignites spontaneously in air”)
− indicate whether pyrophoric properties could be altered over time, e.g., by formation of a protective surface layer through slow oxidation
2.11
Self-heating substances and mixtures
− indicate whether spontaneous ignition occurs, include possible screening data and/or method used (generally Test N.4, section 33.3.1.6 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria) and note the maximum temperature rise obtained
− indicate the results of screening tests according to Chapter 2.11, paragraph 2.11.4.2, if relevant and available
2.12
Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases
− indicate the identity of the emitted gas, if known
− indicate whether the emitted gas ignites spontaneously
− indicate the gas evolution rate, generally determined by Test N.5 (section 33.4.1.4 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria), unless the test has not been completed e.g. because the gas ignites spontaneously
2.13
Oxidizing liquids
− indicate whether spontaneous ignition occurs when mixed with cellulose, generally determined by Test O.2 (section 34.4.2 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria) (e.g., “the mixture with cellulose (prepared for Test O.2) ignites spontaneously”)
2.14
Oxidizing solids
− indicate whether spontaneous ignition occurs when mixed with cellulose, generally determined by Test O.1 or Test O.3 (sections 34.4.1 or 34.4.3 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria) (e.g., “the mixture with cellulose (prepared for Test O.1 or O.3) ignites spontaneously”)
2.15
Organic peroxides
− for the SADT (self-accelerating decomposition temperature) see the entry for the decomposition energy in Table A4.3.9.1
− indicate the decomposition energy (value and method of determination), if available
− indicate detonation properties (Yes/Partial/No), also in packaging where relevant
− indicate deflagration properties (Yes rapidly/Yes slowly/No), also in packaging where relevant
− indicate the effect of heating under confinement (Violent/Medium/Low/No), also in packaging where relevant
− indicate the explosive power if applicable (Not low/Low/None)
2.16
Corrosive to metals
− indicate which metals are corroded by the substance or mixture (e.g., “corrosive to aluminium” or “corrosive to steel” etc.), if available
− indicate the corrosion rate and whether it refers to steel or aluminium, generally determined by Test C.1 (section 37.4 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria), if available
− include a reference to other sections of the SDS with regard to compatible or incompatible materials (e.g., to packaging compatibilities in Section 7 or to incompatible materials in Section 10), as appropriate
2.17
Desensitized explosives
− indicate what desensitizing agent is used
− indicate the exothermic decomposition energy
− indicate the corrected burning rate Ac
Table A4.3.9.3: Further safety characteristics (supplemental)
This table lists further properties/safety characteristics and test results that are not required on the SDS but may be useful to communicate for a substance or mixture. Other physical properties/safety characteristics of the substance or mixture not identified in this table may also be useful to communicate. Include all relevant information, such as a short description, value(s), unit, conditions (e.g., temperature, pressure), method, each as appropriate.
Safety characteristic and/or test result
Remarks/Guidance
Mechanical sensitivity
− applicable to energetic substances and mixtures with an exothermic decomposition energy ≥ 500 J/g in accordance with the Manual of Tests and Criteria, Appendix 6, section 3.3 (c)
− indicate the sensitiveness to impact, generally determined by test 3 (a) (section 13.4 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria) (indicate preferably the limiting impact energy)
− indicate the sensitiveness to friction, generally determined by test 3 (b) (section 13.5 of the Manual of Tests and Criteria) (indicate preferably the limiting load).
SAPT (self-accelerating polymerization temperature)
− applicable to substances and mixtures which may self-polymerize thereby generating dangerous amounts of heat and gas or vapour
− indicate the volume for which the SAPT is given
Formation of explosible dust/air mixtures
− not applicable to gases and liquids
− not applicable to solids containing only substances which are fully oxidized (e.g., silicon dioxide)
− in case formation of explosible dust/air mixtures might be possible based on Section 2 of the SDS, relevant safety characteristics may be indicated in addition, such as
• lower explosion limit / minimum explosible concentration
• minimum ignition energy
• deflagration index (Kst)
• maximum explosion pressure
− indicate the particle characteristics to which the data apply if different from the particle characteristics as indicated based on Table A4.3.9.1
NOTE 1: The ability to form explosible dust/air mixtures may be determined e.g. by VDI* 2263-1 "Dust Fires and Dust Explosions; Hazards - Assessment - Protective Measures; Test Methods for the Determination of the Safety Characteristics of Dusts" or by ISO/IEC 80079-20-2 "Explosive atmospheres - Part 20-2: Material characteristics - Combustible dusts test methods" (in preparation).
NOTE 2: Explosion characteristics are specific for the tested dust. Normally they cannot be transferred to other dusts even if these are comparable. Fine-sized dusts of a particular substance tend to react stronger than coarser dusts.
Acid/alkaline reserve
− applicable to substances and mixtures which have an extreme pH (pH ≤ 2 or ≥ 11.5)
− indicate acid/alkaline reserve when used for evaluating skin and eye hazards
* VDI stands for “Verein Deutscher Ingenieure”
IV. European Union guidance
From: "COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) 2020/878 of 18 June 2020, amending Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)". Official Journal of the European Union, 26.6.2020.
Because of the technical nature of the content, we recommend that you download and view the original source.
SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties
This section of the safety data sheet shall describe the empirical data relating to the substance or mixture, if relevant. Article 8(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 shall apply.
To enable proper control measures to be taken, all relevant information on the substance or mixture shall be provided. The information in this section shall be consistent with the information provided in the registration or in the chemical safety report, where required, and with the classification of the substance or mixture.
In the case of a mixture, where information does not apply to the mixture as a whole, the entries shall clearly indicate to which substance in the mixture the data apply.
Reported properties shall be clearly identified and reported in the appropriate measurement units. The method of determination shall be provided, including measurement and reference conditions, if relevant for the interpretation of the numerical value. Unless specified otherwise, standard conditions of temperature and pressure are 20 °C and 101,3 kPa, respectively.
The properties listed in subsections 9.1 and 9.2 may be presented in a form of a list. Within the subsections, the order of listing the properties may be different if deemed appropriate.
9.1. Information on basic physical and chemical properties
Each safety data sheet shall include the properties mentioned below. If it is stated that a particular property does not apply or if information on a particular property is not available, this shall be clearly indicated, giving the reasons where possible.
(a) Physical state
The physical state (gas, liquid or solid) shall generally be indicated at standard conditions of temperature and pressure.
The definitions of the terms gas, liquid and solid, as provided in Section 1.0 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, shall apply.
(b) Colour
The colour of the substance or mixture as supplied shall be indicated.
In cases where one safety data sheet is used to cover variants of a mixture which may have different colours, the term “various” can be used to describe the colour.
(c) Odour
A qualitative description of the odour shall be given if it is well-known or described in the literature. If available, the odour threshold shall be indicated (qualitatively or quantitatively).
(d) Melting point/freezing point
Does not apply to gases.
Melting point and freezing point shall be indicated at standard pressure.
In case the melting point is above the measuring range of the method, it shall be indicated up to which temperature no melting point was observed.
If decomposition or sublimation occur prior to or during melting, it shall be indicated.
As regards waxes and pastes, the softening point/range may be indicated instead of the melting point and freezing point.
As regards mixtures, if it is technically not possible to determine the melting point/freezing point, this shall be indicated.
(e) Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range
These properties shall be indicated at standard pressure. A boiling point at lower pressure might however be indicated, in case the boiling point is very high or in case decomposition occurs before boiling at standard pressure.
If the boiling point is above the measuring range of the method, the temperature up to which no boiling point was observed shall be indicated.
If decomposition occurs prior to or during boiling, this shall be indicated.
As regards mixtures, if it is technically not possible to determine their boiling point or range, this shall be indicated; in that case, the boiling point of the lowest boiling ingredient shall also be indicated.
(f) Flammability
Applies to gases, liquids and solids.
It shall be indicated whether the substance or mixture is ignitable, i.e. capable of catching fire or being set on fire, even if not classified for flammability.
If available and appropriate, further information may be indicated, such as whether the effect of ignition is other than a normal combustion (e.g. an explosion) and the ignitability under non-standard conditions.
More specific information on the flammability may be indicated based on the respective hazard classification. The information provided in subsection 9.2.1 shall not be provided in this point.
(g) Lower and upper explosion limit (7)
Do not apply to solids.
As regards flammable liquids, at least the lower explosion limit shall be indicated. If the flash point is approximately – 25 °C or higher, it may not be possible to determine the upper explosion limit at standard temperature; in that case, it is recommended to indicate the upper explosion limit at a higher temperature. If the flash point is higher than 20 °C, it may not be possible to determine the lower or the upper explosion limit at standard temperature; in that case, it is recommended to indicate both the lower and the upper explosion limits at a higher temperature.
(h) Flash point
Does not apply to gases, aerosols and solids.
For mixtures, a value for the mixture shall be indicated, if available. Otherwise, the flash point(s) of the substance(s) with the lowest flash point(s) shall be indicated.
(i) Auto-ignition temperature
Only applies to gases and liquids.
As regards mixtures the auto-ignition temperature for the mixture shall be indicated, if available. If the value for the mixture is not available, the auto-ignition temperature(s) of the ingredients with the lowest auto-ignition temperature(s) shall be indicated.
(j) Decomposition temperature
Only applies to self-reactive substances and mixtures, organic peroxides, and other substances and mixtures that may decompose.
The self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) and the volume to which it applies, or the decomposition onset temperature shall be indicated.
It shall be indicated whether the temperature given is the SADT or the decomposition onset temperature.
If no decomposition was observed, it shall be indicated up to which temperature no decomposition was observed, e.g. “no decomposition observed up to x °C”.
(k) pH
Does not apply to gases.
The pH of the substance or mixture as supplied, or where the product is a solid, the pH of an aqueous liquid or solution at a given concentration, shall be indicated.
The concentration of the test substance or mixture in water shall be indicated.
(l) Kinematic viscosity
Only applies to liquids.
The measurement unit shall be mm2/s.
For non-Newtonian liquids, the thixotropic or rheopexic behaviour shall be indicated.
(m) Solubility
Solubility shall generally be indicated at standard temperature.
The solubility in water shall be indicated.
The solubility in other polar and non-polar solvents may also be included.
As regards mixtures, it shall be indicated if the mixture is fully or only partially soluble in or miscible with water or other solvent.
As regards nanoforms, the dissolution rate in water or in other relevant biological or environmental media shall be indicated in addition to the water solubility.
(n) Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value)
Does not apply to inorganic and ionic liquids and does not generally apply to mixtures.
It shall be indicated whether the reported value is based on testing or on calculation.
As regards nanoforms of a substance for which the n-octanol/water partition coefficient does not apply, the dispersion stability in different media shall be indicated.
(o) Vapour pressure
Vapour pressure shall generally be indicated at standard temperature.
As regards volatile fluids, the vapour pressure at 50 °C shall also be indicated.
In cases where one safety data sheet is used to cover variants of a liquid mixture or liquefied gas mixture, a range for the vapour pressure shall be indicated.
As regards liquid mixtures or liquefied gas mixtures, a range for the vapour pressure or at least the vapour pressure of the most volatile ingredient(s), where the vapour pressure of the mixture is predominantly determined by that or those ingredient(s), shall be indicated.
The saturated vapour concentration may also be indicated.
(p) Density and/or relative density
Only apply to liquids and solids.
Density and relative density shall generally be indicated at standard conditions of temperature and pressure.
The absolute density and/or the relative density based on water at 4 °C as reference (also referred to as the specific gravity) shall be indicated.
In cases where variations in density are possible, e.g. due to batch manufacture, or where one safety data sheet is used to cover several variants of a substance or mixture, a range may be indicated.
The safety data sheet shall indicate whether the absolute density (units e.g. g/cm3 or kg/m3) and/or the relative density (dimensionless) is being reported.
(q) Relative vapour density
Only applies to gases and liquids.
As regards gases, the relative density of the gas based on air at 20 °C as reference shall be indicated.
As regards liquids, the relative vapour density based on air at 20 °C as reference shall be indicated.
As regards liquids, the relative density Dm of the vapour/air-mixture at 20 °C may also be indicated.
(r) Particle characteristics
Only apply to solids.
The particle size (median equivalent diameter, method of calculation of the diameter (number-, surface- or volume-based) and the range in which this median value varies), shall be indicated. Other properties may also be indicated, such as size distribution (e.g. as a range), shape and aspect ratio, aggregation and agglomeration state, specific surface area and dustiness. If the substance is in nanoform or if the mixture supplied contains a nanoform, those characteristics shall be indicated in this subsection, or referred to if already specified elsewhere in the safety data sheet.
9.2. Other information
In addition to the properties mentioned in subsection 9.1, other physical and chemical parameters shall be indicated, such as the properties listed in subsections 9.2.1 and 9.2.2, if their indication is relevant for the safe use of the substance or mixture.
9.2.1 Information with regard to physical hazard classes
This subsection lists properties, safety characteristics and test results, which may be useful to include in the safety data sheet when a substance or mixture is classified in the respective physical hazard class. Data deemed relevant with regard to a specific physical hazard but not resulting in classification (e.g. negative test results close to the criterion), may also be appropriate to indicate.
The name of the hazard class to which the data relate may be indicated together with the data.
(a) Explosives
This point also applies to substances and mixtures referred to in Note 2 of section 2.1.3 of Annex I of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, and to other substances and mixtures which show a positive effect if heated under confinement.
The following information may be provided:
(i) sensitivity to shock;
(ii) effect of heating under confinement;
(iii) effect of ignition under confinement;
(iv) sensitivity to impact;
(v) sensitivity to friction;
(vi) thermal stability;
(vii) package (type, size, net mass of substance or mixture), based on which the “division” within the explosive class was assigned, or based on which the substance or mixture was exempted from classification as explosive.
(b) Flammable gases
As regards pure flammable gas, the following information may be provided in addition to data on the explosion limits referred to in point (g) of subsection 9.1:
(i) the TCi (maximum content of flammable gas which, when mixed with nitrogen, is not flammable in air, in mol. %);
(ii) thefundamentalburningvelocityifthegasisclassifiedasCategory1Bbasedonfundamentalburning velocity.
As regards a flammable gas mixture, the following information may be provided in addition to data on the explosion limits referred to in point (g) of subsection 9.1:
(i) explosion limits, if tested, or an indication of whether the classification and category assignment is based on calculation;
(ii) fundamental burning velocity if the gas mixture is classified as Category 1B based on fundamental burning velocity.
(c) Aerosols
The following total percentage (by mass) of flammable components may be provided, unless the aerosol is classified as Aerosol category 1 because it contains more than 1 % (by mass) flammable components or has a heat of combustion of at least 20 kJ/g and is not submitted to the flammability classification procedures (see the Note in Paragraph 2.3.2.2 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008);
(d) Oxidising gases
As regards pure gas, the Ci (coefficient of oxygen equivalency) as per ISO 10156 “Gases and gas mixtures – Determination of fire potential and oxidizing ability for the selection of cylinder valve outlets”, or as per an equivalent method, may be provided;
As regards a gas mixture, the words “oxidising gas Category 1 (tested as per ISO 10156 (or as per an equivalent method))” may be indicated as regards tested mixtures, or the calculated oxidising power as per ISO 10156 or as per an equivalent method;
(e) Gases under pressure
As regards pure gas, critical temperature may be provided.
As regards gas mixture, pseudo-critical temperature may be provided;
(f) Flammable liquids
When the substance or mixture is classified as flammable liquid, data on the boiling point and flash point do not need to be provided under this point as that data are to be indicated in accordance with the subsection 9.1. Information on sustained combustibility may be provided.
(g) Flammable solids
The following information may be provided:
(i) burning rate, or burning time as regards metal powders,
(ii) statement on whether the wetted zone has been passed;
(h) Self-reactive substances and mixtures
In addition to the indication of the SADT as specified in point (j) of subsection 9.1, the following information may be provided:
(i) decomposition temperature,
(ii) detonation properties,
(iii) deflagration properties,
(iv) effect of heating under confinement,
(v) explosive power, if applicable;
(i) Pyrophoric liquids
Information on whether spontaneous ignition or charring of filter paper occurs may be provided.
(j) Pyrophoric solids
The following information may be provided:
(i) statement on whether spontaneous ignition occurs when poured or within five minutes thereafter, as regards solids in powder form,
(ii) statement on whether pyrophoric properties could change over time.
(k) Self-heating substances and mixtures
The following information may be provided:
(i) statement on whether spontaneous ignition occurs and the maximum temperature rise obtained,
(ii) results of screening tests referred to in section 2.11.4.2 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, if relevant and available;
(l) Substances and mixtures, which emit flammable gases in contact with water
The following information may be provided:
(i) identity of the emitted gas, if known,
(ii) statement on whether the emitted gas ignites spontaneously,
(iii) gas evolution rate;
(m) Oxidising liquids
Information on whether spontaneous ignition occurs when mixed with cellulose may be provided.
(n) Oxidizing solids
Information on whether spontaneous ignition occurs when mixed with cellulose may be provided.
(o) Organic peroxides
In addition to the indication of the SADT as specified in point (j) of subsection 9.1, the following information may be provided:
(i) decomposition temperature,
(ii) detonation properties,
(iii) deflagration properties,
(iv) effect of heating under confinement,
(v) explosive power;
(p) Corrosive to metals
The following information may be provided:
(i) metals that are corroded by the substance or mixture,
(ii.) corrosion rate and statement on whether it refers to steel or aluminum,
(iii.) reference to other sections of the safety data sheet with regard to compatible or incompatible materials.
(q) Desensitised explosives
The following information may be provided:
(i) desensitising agent used,
(ii) exothermic decomposition energy,
(iii) corrected burning rate (Ac);
(iv) explosive properties of the desensitized explosive in that state
9.2.2 Other safety characteristics
Properties, safety characteristics and test results listed below may be useful to indicate as regards a substance or a mixture:
(a) mechanical sensitivity;
(b) self-accelerating polymerization temperature;
(c) formation of explosible dust/air mixtures;
(d) acid/alkaline reserve;
(e) evaporation rate;
(f) miscibility;
(g) conductivity;
(h) corrosiveness;
(i) gas group;
(j) redox potential;
(k) radical formation potential;
(l) photocatalytic properties.
Other physical and chemical parameters shall be indicated if their indication is relevant for the safe use of the substance or mixture.
V. Health Canada guidance
From: "Technical Guidance on the Requirements of the Hazardous Products Act and the Hazardous Products Regulations, WHMIS 2015 Supplier Requirements", Cat.: H129-64/1-2016E-PDF. December 2016. ©2016, Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Health. The acronym "HCS 2012" refers to the (US) OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, as updated in 2012 for GHS compatibility.
This section describes the physical and chemical properties associated with the hazardous product. The required information consists of:
· Appearance, such as colour and physical state (e.g., solid, liquid or gas; these terms are defined in subsection 1(1) of the HPR)
· Odour
· Odour threshold
· pH
· Melting point and freezing point
· Initial boiling point and boiling range
· Flash point
· Evaporation rate
· Flammability, in the case of solids and gases
· Upper and lower flammability or explosive limits
· Vapour pressure
· Vapour density
· Relative density
· Solubility
· Partition coefficient- n-octanol/water
· Auto-ignition temperature
· Decomposition temperature, and
· Viscosity.
If specific characteristics do not apply or are not available for the hazardous product, a statement that they do not apply (not applicable) or are not available must appear.
Comparison to HCS 2012
The HCS 2012 also requires that, for item 9 (Physical and chemical properties) of the SDS, all information items must be addressed by providing the information or providing an indication that the item is not applicable or no information is available. Thus, under the HCS 2012, even if a physical or chemical property is listed in another section of the SDS (e.g., flash point might also be listed in item 5), it must still be listed in item 9. This is also required under the HPR.
Suppliers may voluntarily add other physical or chemical parameters pertinent to the hazardous product, such as oxidizing properties and molecular weight, to those listed above.
[rev 4.9.2021]
[1] Minimum SDS requirements vary with jurisdiction. In some cases, instead of a burgundy label, a field may include a note identifying particular jurisdiction(s) requiring it.
[2] This shortcut is equivalent to clicking on the Help button on the entry form, and selecting “Background for this section”.